Marshall Nicholas Rosenbluth (born 5.02.1927) is an American physicist and a member of the National Academy of Sciences (1969). He was born in Albany (New York State). He graduated from the University of Chicago (1949). In 1950 — 56 he worked at the Los Alamos Laboratory, in 1956—67 at General Atomic Corporation (in 1960—67 also professor at the University of California at San Diego).
From 1967 he has been at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton.
His work was in high-energy physics, plasma physics and thermonuclear fusion. He extended the theory of the scattering of electrons by nucleons, calculating (1950) the differential cross-section of the elastic scattering of electrons by protons (the Rosenbluth formula). He played an important part in the development of plasma physics. In 1957, independently of others, he predicted the flute instability of a rarefied plasma, in 1954—56 proposed a theory of the non-stationary pinch effect, and in 1956 discovered the fire-hose instability in plasma. With R. Post he predicted the drift-cone instability of plasma and constructed its theory (1965-66).
The E. Lawrence (1964) and A. Einstein (1967) prizes and others.