Petr Georgievich Strelkov (16.10.1899 — 11.11.1968) was a Soviet experimental physicist and a corresponding member of the USSR Academy of Sciences (1960). He was born in St Petersburg. He studied (1920 — 23) at the Polytechnic Institute (Petrograd). In 1923 — 36 he worked at the Leningrad Physico-Technical Institute, in 1936 — 56 at the Institute of Physical Problems of the USSR Academy of Sciences, in 1956-59 at the All-Union Research Institute of Physico-Technical and Radio-Engineering Measurements, and from 1959 at the Institute of Thermophysics of the Siberian Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences.
His research concerned thermophysics, low-temperature physics, solid-state physics and thermometry. He developed a technology for producing bacteriological filters (State Prize, 1943). He studied the thermodynamic properties of matter at low temperatures and developed precision apparatus for measuring temperature, heat capacity and thermal expansion. He contributed much that was original to the methods of measuring heat capacity at low temperatures. He carried out an extensive programme of research that led to the creation of a practical scale of low temperatures.