Vincenzo Viviani (5.04.1622-22.09.1703) was an Italian scientist and a member of the Accademia del Cimento in Florence. He was a pupil of Galileo Galilei. He was born in Florence. He was mathematician to Ferdinand II, Grand Duke of Tuscany.
At E. Torricelli's request he carried out (1643) the experiment that proved the existence of atmospheric pressure. In 1656, together with G. Borelli, he determined the speed of sound in air, obtaining more accurate results than his predecessors. Following Galileo's idea he built a pendulum clock.
He was a Fellow of the Royal Society (1696) and a member of the Paris Academy of Sciences (1699).