Dzyaloshinskii, Igor Ekhielyevich (born 1.02.1931) is a Soviet theoretical physicist and a corresponding member of the USSR Academy of Sciences (1974). Born in Moscow. Graduated from Moscow University (1953). In 1954–65 he worked at the Institute of Physical Problems of the USSR Academy of Sciences. From 1965 he has been head of a sector at the Institute of Theoretical Physics of the USSR Academy of Sciences. In 1966–70 he was also professor at the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, and from 1970 at Moscow University.
His work was in the field of statistical physics, many-body theory, the physics of magnetic phenomena and the study of the electronic properties of solids and of liquid crystals. Together with A. A. Abrikosov and L. P. Gorkov he developed (1959) the quantum-field diagram method for solving problems of statistical physics at finite temperatures. He constructed (1957) a thermodynamic theory of antiferromagnetism, explaining weak ferromagnetism, and on its basis predicted the piezomagnetic (1957) and magnetoelectric (1959) effects. Together with E. M. Lifshitz and L. P. Pitaevskii he constructed (1959) a general theory of van der Waals forces in condensed media. In 1964 he worked out a general theory of helicoidal and sinusoidal structures in antiferromagnets and a theory of spin density waves. He developed the theory of first-order phase transitions in magnetic materials (1975). In 1965–77 he worked out a theory of quasi-one-dimensional metals.
The M. V. Lomonosov Prize (1972).