Evgeny Lvovich Feinberg ( born 27.06.1912) is a Soviet theoretical physicist and a corresponding member of the USSR Academy of Sciences (1966). He was born in Baku. He graduated from Moscow University (1935). He has worked at the Physical Institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences since 1938 (as head of a sector from 1952), and at the same time in 1944—46 was professor at Gorky University and in 1946 —54 at the Moscow Engineering Physics Institute.
His work concerned nuclear physics, cosmic-ray physics, elementary particle physics, acoustics and radiophysics. He was the first to point out (1941) the existence and possible role of coherent inelastic processes, such as the capture of mesons by nuclei. Together with I. Ya. Pomeranchuk he predicted the phenomenon of diffraction production of particles (1953) and, independently of A. I. Akhiezer and A. G. Sitenko, the process of diffraction dissociation of the deuteron (1954). He detected theoretically the phenomenon of the monochromatisation of neutrons in the process of moderation and, together with L. E. Lazareva and F. L. Shapiro, proposed (1955) a method of neutron spectrometry by slowing-down time. He was the first to construct (1943) a statistical correlation theory of noise immunity in the reception of a signal against a background of strong noise and, together with V. I. Veksler, proposed and tested specific schemes developed on its basis.
In the theory of the propagation of radio waves along the inhomogeneous and uneven surface of the Earth he proposed new methods that made it possible to develop a qualitative picture of the process (to introduce the concept of the path of the terrestrial ray, to gain an idea of the relative role of its different sections, and to give formulas for a number of cases that had not previously yielded to solution). He studied the multiple production of hadrons in peripheral collisions and the mechanisms of cosmic-ray variation. He introduced the concept of the “half-bare” electron and showed that it could be observed (1965). He was the first to construct (1939) the theory of the autoionisation of an atom in beta decay.
The L. I. Mandelstam Prize (1950).