Sheldon Lee Glashow (born 5.12.1932) is an American theoretical physicist and a member of the National Academy of Sciences (1977). He was born in New York. He graduated from Cornell (1954) and Harvard (1955) universities. In 1958—60 he worked at the Institute of Theoretical Physics in Copenhagen, in 1960 —61 at the California Institute of Technology, in 1961—62 at Stanford University and in 1962—66 at the University of California at Berkeley. From 1966 he has been professor at Harvard University.
His work is in the theory of elementary particles. In 1960 he found the symmetry group SU(2) × U(1); in 1964, together with J. Bjorken, he put forward the hypothesis that a new quantum number exists — charm. In 1970, together with J. Iliopoulos and L. Maiani, he modified the Weinberg — Salam theory of the weak and electromagnetic interaction by bringing charmed quarks into consideration, and constructed schemes for representing families of hadrons in supermultiplets. In 1972, independently of others, he predicted a charged and a neutral heavy lepton; together with H. Georgi he proposed a model of the electroweak interaction in which neutral currents are absent, and a theory uniting the weak, electromagnetic and strong interactions (grand unification). Independently of others he gave a model of charmonium in which he predicted the charmed Л- and /"-mesons. For his contribution to the creation of the theory uniting the weak and electromagnetic interactions he was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1979.