Milton Stanley Livingston (born 25.05.1905) is an American physicist and a member of the National Academy of Sciences (1970). He was born in Brodhead. He graduated from the University of California (1931) and worked there in 1932—34, in 1934—38 at Cornell University, and in 1938—70 at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (professor from 1954, in 1956—67 director of the Cambridge Electron Accelerator, and from 1967 of the National Accelerator Laboratory).
His work concerned the physics and engineering of accelerators and nuclear physics. In 1931, together with E. Lawrence, he built the first cyclotron, and later a number of other circular accelerators. In 1952, with E. Courant and H. Snyder (independently of N. Christofilos, 1950), he put forward the idea of strong focusing, which became the basis of the operation of powerful accelerators.