Melvin Schwartz (born 2.11.1932) is an American physicist and a member of the National Academy of Sciences (1975). He was born in New York. He graduated from Columbia University (1953). In 1956-58 he worked at Brookhaven National Laboratory, in 1958 —66 —at Columbia University (professor from 1963). Since 1966 he has been professor at Stanford University.
His research concerned high-energy physics and elementary particle physics. Together with others he discovered the sigma-zero hyperon in 1957. In 1959, independently of B. Pontecorvo, he pointed out the possibility of using accelerators to obtain neutrinos of a desired energy. In 1962, together with others, he proved in a neutrino experiment the existence of two types of neutrino: the electron neutrino ve and the muon neutrino vμ. Together with others he proved experimentally (1957) the non-conservation of parity in the decay of hyperons, and determined (1958) the spin of the lambda and sigma hyperons. He discovered (1976) pionium.
His research concerned high-energy physics and elementary particle physics. Together with others he discovered the sigma-zero hyperon in 1957. In 1959, independently of B. Pontecorvo, he pointed out the possibility of using accelerators to obtain neutrinos of a desired energy. In 1962, together with others, he proved in a neutrino experiment the existence of two types of neutrino: the electron neutrino ve and the muon neutrino vμ. Together with others he proved experimentally (1957) the non-conservation of parity in the decay of hyperons, and determined (1958) the spin of the lambda and sigma hyperons. He discovered (1976) pionium.