There are many surprising things and unusual materials in the world, but these can fairly claim a place in the category of “the most surprising of those thought up by people”.
Ludwig Boltzmann (20.02.1844 - 5.09.1906) was an Austrian theoretical physicist, one of the founders of classical statistical physics and a member of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (1895).
Galileo Galilei (15.02.1564-8.01.1642) was an outstanding Italian physicist and astronomer, one of the founders of exact natural science and a member of the Accademia dei Lincei (1611).